gruff[grʌf]
汉语翻译
a. 粗哑的, 粗鲁的, 粗率的, 板着脸孔的
词型变化
名词:gruffness 副词:gruffly 形容词比较级:gruffer 最高级:gruffest
英语解释
形容词 gruff:
- brusque and surly and forbidding同义词：crusty, curmudgeonly, ill-humored, ill-humoured
- deep and harsh sounding as if from shouting or illness or emotion- Virgil Thomson同义词：hoarse, husky
例句
- The characteristically deep, gruff bark of a dog.狗吠声有特色地低沉的、粗哑的狗叫
- Don't be put off by his gruff exterior; he's really very kind underneath.别介意他表现粗野，其实他心地很善良。
- His gruff manner made me angry.他粗暴的态度让我生气。
详细解释
gruff
adj.（形容词）
gruff.er,
gruff.est Brusque or stern in manner or appearance:粗鲁的，生硬的：行为或外表粗暴的或生硬的：例句：a gruff reply.生硬的答复
Hoarse; harsh:粗糙的；粗哑的：例句：a gruff voice.粗哑的嗓音
来源：Dutch
grof 荷兰语
grof from Middle Dutch 源自 中古荷兰语 or Middle Low German 或 中古低地德语
【引伸】
gruff.lyadv.（副词）
gruff.nessn.（名词）<参考词汇><同义词>
gruff,
brusque,
blunt,
bluff,
curt,
crusty同义词>These adjectives mean abrupt and sometimes discourteous in manner or speech.这些形容词意为粗鲁，有时意为在行为或言语上无礼。
Gruff implies roughness or surliness of manner and often harsh speechbut does not necessarily suggest rudeness:
Gruff 有举止粗鲁或暴躁、言语严厉的含义，但不一定意味着无礼： 例句：Her answer was gruff, but her eyes twinkled.她的回答很粗鲁，但她眨了眨眼睛。
Brusque emphasizes rude abruptness: Brusque 强调无礼的粗暴： 例句：Try to cultivate a less brusque manner.尽量去培养不那么粗暴的举止。
Blunt stresses utter franknessand usually a disconcerting directness: Blunt 则强调完全坦率，通常这种直率令人发窘： 例句：I have to be blunt: you`re not welcome here.我必须直话直说，你在这里不受欢迎。
Bluff refers to unpolished, unceremonious mannerbut usually implies hearty good nature: Bluff 指不拘礼仪的，唐突的态度，但通常出于热诚和好心： 例句：He has a bluff but rather pleasant manner.他举止粗鲁却可爱。
Curt denotes usually rude briefness and abruptness of speech: Curt 含有简短无礼，言语生硬的意思： 例句：I received a curt letter telling me I was in arrears on my mortgage payments.我收到一封无礼的短信，说我拖欠了分期付款。
Crusty suggests a rough and forbidding mannerthat sometimes conceals benevolence of spirit: Crusty 则指粗鲁，令人生畏的态度，有时暗含仁善之心： 例句：He`s a crusty old gentleman who feeds stray dogs and cats. 他是个令人生畏的老绅士，常喂食离群的狗和猫。