excuse[ik'skju:z]
汉语翻译
vt. 原谅, 申辩, 做为...的托辞
n. 致歉, 理由, 饶恕, 借口
【法】 原谅, 宽恕, 赦免
相关词组:
excuse oneself from...
in excuse of...
词型变化
动词过去式:excused 过去分词:excused 现在分词:excusing 第三人称单数:excuses 副词:excusably 名词:excusableness 形容词:excusable
词意辨析
cause, reason, excuse这些名词均有“原因”之意。
cause: 指直接导致事情发生的原因，与所发生的事有因果关系。
reason: 强调指从逻辑推理上得出的结论性原因，不是直接说明起因。
excuse: 指为自己辩解，希望得到谅解时所提出的种种理由，是借口性的理由。
英语解释
名词 excuse:
- a defense of some offensive behavior or some failure to keep a promise etc.同义词：alibi, exculpation, self-justification
- a note explaining an absence
- a poor example同义词：apology
动词 excuse:
- accept an excuse for同义词：pardon
- grant exemption or release to同义词：relieve, let off, exempt
- serve as a reason or cause or justification of同义词：explain
- defend, explain, clear away, or make excuses for by reasoning同义词：apologize, apologise, justify, rationalize, rationalise
- ask for permission to be released from an engagement同义词：beg off
- excuse, overlook, or make allowances for; be lenient with同义词：condone
例句
- Excuse me, can I get past, please?劳驾，能让我过去吗？
- Excuse me, but I must say you are completely wrong.对不起，但是我必须说你完全错了。
- His excuse for being late was that he had missed the train.他迟到的理由是没有赶上火车。
- Please excuse my bad handwriting.请原谅我的字写得不好。
详细解释
ex.cuse
v.tr.（及物动词）ex.cused,ex.cus.ing,ex.cus.es
To explain (a fault or an offense) in the hope of being forgiven or understood:辩解，托词：希望被原谅或理解而解释（过失或冒犯）：例句：He arrived late and excused his tardiness in a flimsy manner.他来晚了，而且还以薄弱的借口来辩解他的迟到
To seek to remove the blame from:要求原谅：试图免于被…责备：例句：She excused herself for being late.她为她的迟到辩解
To grant pardon to; forgive:宽恕；原谅：例句：We quickly excused the latecomer.我们很快原谅了迟到者
To make allowance for; overlook:许可；宽容：例句：Readers must excuse the author`s youth and inexperience.See Synonyms at forgive 读者必须宽恕作者的年轻和缺乏经验参见 forgive
To serve as justification for:证明为正当的：例句：Brilliance does not excuse bad manners.才华不能成为无礼行为的正当理由
To free, as from an obligation or duty; exempt:免除责任：使免除责任或义务；免除：例句：In my state, physicians and lawyers are excused from jury duty.在我看来，医生和律师都应免除当陪审团的义务
To give permission to leave; release:准许离开；放开：例句：The child ate quickly and asked to be excused.那孩子吃得很快并请求准许离开
n.（名词）
An explanation offered to justify or obtain forgiveness.理由；藉口：为…提供理由或为获得谅解而做的解释A reason or grounds for excusing:开脱的原因或根据：例句：Ignorance is no excuse for breaking the law.无知不能成为违反法律的理由
The act of excusing.辩护行为A note explaining an absence.请假条：解释缺席的字条Informal An inferior example:【非正式用语】 拙劣样品：例句：a poor excuse for a poet; a sorry excuse for a car.拙劣的诗；蹩脚汽车
来源：Middle English excusen 中古英语 excusen from Old French excuser 源自 古法语 excuser from Latin excôs3re 源自 拉丁语 excôs3re ex- [ex-] ex- [前缀，表‘前任的，从前的.] causa [accusation] * see cause causa [指责] *参见 cause
【引伸】
excus.able
adj.（形容词）excus.ableness
n.（名词）excus.ably
adv.（副词）excus.er
n.（名词）